Which policy forced peasants to join large state-run farms, leading to famine and disruption?

Which policy forced peasants to join large state-run farms, leading to famine and disruption?

• A. Collectivization
• B. Five-Year Plans
• C. War Communism
• D. New Economic Policy

Answer: (A)

Collectivization turns individual peasant plots into large state-run farms that the government controls. The regime pressured peasants to join kolkhozes (and sovkhozes) and to hand over their land and grain to meet industrial quotas. Coercive measures and grain seizures, along with the disruption of traditional farming practices, led to widespread resistance, loss of incentives to produce, and a severe famine in the early 1930s, especially in Ukraine. This policy is distinct from the others: Five-Year Plans set industrial targets, War Communism was the wartime policy of requisitioning during the Civil War, and the New Economic Policy allowed some private farming and market activity. Collectivization specifically refers to the consolidation of farms into state-controlled units and the famine that followed.

Collectivization turns individual peasant plots into large state-run farms that the government controls. The regime pressured peasants to join kolkhozes (and sovkhozes) and to hand over their land and grain to meet industrial quotas. Coercive measures and grain seizures, along with the disruption of traditional farming practices, led to widespread resistance, loss of incentives to produce, and a severe famine in the early 1930s, especially in Ukraine. This policy is distinct from the others: Five-Year Plans set industrial targets, War Communism was the wartime policy of requisitioning during the Civil War, and the New Economic Policy allowed some private farming and market activity. Collectivization specifically refers to the consolidation of farms into state-controlled units and the famine that followed.